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In 1954, following the stunning legal victory of Brown vs. Board of Education, the fight against segregation gained strenth. But the barriers to equality did not fall easily. Many people were afraid to change their familiar old ways; others used violence to preserve them. Birmingham long had a reputation as one of the South's most fiercely segregated cities. When Blacks spoke out for justice, they risked violent retailiation by white segregationists who resorted to terror and threats.
From the late 1940s until the mid-1960s, nearly 50 unsolved, racially directed bombings led to the city's unofficial name, "Bombingham."
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